Within this context, a better comprehension of the role of PLC or PI3K signaling pathways, which are deeply implicated in the regulation of erythropoiesis in MDS, not only in anemia, but possibly also in thrombocytopenia, could be helpful to disclose new molecular mechanisms of erythropoiesis regulation in MDS and, possibly, become innovative promising targets for new therapies. The gene discussed is HSPG2; the disease is myelodysplastic syndrome.