In both breast and lung cancer, it was separately shown that the inhibition of AMPK-dependent activation of PFK-2, the rate-limiting enzyme in glycolysis, prevented glycolysis in response to energy stress [86,87], which is consistent with early observations that phosphorylation of PFK-2 by AMPK was required for glycolytic activity in cardiomyocytes [88]. The gene discussed is PFKFB3; the disease is lung carcinoma.