Alleviation of these deficits with 30 days of LIR treatment in our study, correspond to findings by others who suggest that LIR was shown to have anti-inflammatory action in a double transgenic mouse model of AD [17], through cAMP regulation of MAPK and JNK pathways [23,43,44] and by modulating insulin receptors [29,45]. Here, MAPK8 is linked to Alzheimer disease.