HMGB1 and neoplasm: Extracellular HMGB1 can also bind to TLR2 (Toll-like receptor-2), TLR4, and RAGEs, and the impediment of RAGE–HMGB1 interaction could block the activation of p44/p42, p38, and Stress-activated protein kinases (SAPK)/JNK MAP kinases, which were significantly conducive to tumor proliferation [78,79,80].