In melanoma cell lines, the loss of the suppressor of cytokine signaling-1 (SOCS-1) expression resulted in elevated STAT3 signaling and the overexpression of MMP-2, bFGF, and VEGF, leading to an enhanced invasion and angiogenesis of melanoma cells, and consequently promoting melanoma brain metastases [83]. The gene discussed is SOCS1; the disease is melanoma.