On this basis, an alternative explanation for our findings is that JMJD3 inhibition-mediated upregulation of TGFβ1 and activation of Smad3 strengthens activation of Notch signaling, which in turn, further activates TGFβ1 signaling, creating a vicious circle that accelerates renal fibrosis. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is renal fibrosis.