MMP2 and glioma: We also performed ELISA detection and found that BATF2 upregulation significantly decreased VEGFA, MMP2, and MMP-9 levels in glioma tissues (VEGFA: p < 0.001; MMP2: p < 0.01; MMP-9: p < 0.01; Fig. 2I) and exhibited decreased MMP-9 staining in U251-BATF2 tumour (Fig. 2J).