INS and Hypoglycemia: DVC-derived metabolic signals contribute to gluco-regulation as caudal hindbrain glucose anti-metabolite or monocarboxylate transporter (MCT) inhibitor administration elevates blood glucose levels [16,17], whereas the infusion of the oxidizable glycolytic metabolite L-lactate to the caudal hindbrain exacerbates insulin-induced hypoglycemia [17].