NFE2L2 and influenza: Treatment with 12.5 μM bakuchiol, which activates nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor pathway in host cells and induces anti-influenza effect [34], reduced the number of stained cells and the percentages of influenza A NP-positive cells significantly relative to those of the water-treated cells (p < 0.05) (Fig 4B); Y30 extract treatment did not cause such reduction (Fig 4B).