TNF and major depressive disorder: Contrary to our expectations and despite the notion that impaired GR signaling is a key element underlying the development of depression (Anacker et al. 2011; Holsboer 2000), we did not find any difference in the GR sensitivity (i.e., DEX-induced changes in IL-10, IL-6, and TNF-α) of patients with depression compared with healthy control subjects at baseline.