TBX1 and colorectal cancer: Brachyury, a member of the T-box gene family, induces stemness markers such as NANOG, CD133, CD166, and CD44 in a colorectal cancer cell line by regulating the β-catenin oncogene and contributing to the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) that mediates invasion by tumor cells and metastasis [21].