As shown in Fig. 2 and Table 2, compared to the basal insulin group, patients in the liraglutide group had a lower likelihood of having a composite of CVDs (hazard ratio (HR) 0.65; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.50 to 0.85; p < 0.01), stroke (HR 0.54; 95% CI 0.34 to 0.87; p = 0.01), and all-cause mortality (HR 0.40; 95% CI 0.28 to 0.59; p < 0.0001) while no difference was found in MI, HF, and CVD mortality. Here, INS is linked to Stroke.