MAPK3 and lupus nephritis: Similarly, triptolide and tripdiolide participate in the production of cytokine and chemokine to significantly ameliorate lupus nephritis in (NZB x NZW) F1 mice, triptolide and triptonide can upregulate the expression of IL-37 via the activation of the ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK pathways to achieve anti-inflammatory functions [59, 60].