TNF and COVID-19: Based on the current understanding of the pathogenesis of AKI or ARF, and the results of the KEGG pathway analysis, we further constructed the potential TNF, HIF-1α, Toll-like receptor (TLR), apoptosis-related, and VEGF signaling as the therapeutic pathways in Quercetin treatment to COVID-19-induced acute kidney injuries (as shown in Fig 5).