CD8A and neoplasm: Next, we performed comprehensive immunophenotyping of ten innate and adaptive cell populations: B cells, dendritic cells, natural killer (NK) cells, monocytes/PMNs (polymorphonuclear neutrophils), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs, including MHCIIlow and MHCIIhi populations), and T cell subsets (total CD3 + T cells, CD4 + T cells, CD8 + T cells, and Tregs) (Fig. 1D).