Previous studies on pulmonary infections induced by fungi and other direct allergens (such as house dust mite) have reported that the immune responses in vivo may include Th1, Th17, and Th2 responses, especially a combination of Th2/Th17 responses, which has been reported in serious allergic asthma, along with marked IL-17A and IL-13 expression33,58. Here, IL17A is linked to allergic asthma.