IL4 and asthma: A study reported that asthma induced by intratracheally administered C. cladosporioides manifested as a strong Th2 response with IL-4 and IL-13 upregulation, while asthma induced by heat-killed C. cladosporioides manifested as a strong Th17 response and a relatively weak Th2 response with IL-17A upregulation27.