INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Although the small sample size did not allow for statistical significance using Z-test for proportions, the data trend did show that metformin use improved hospitalization outcomes more than (>) the anti-T2DM alpha-glucosidase inhibitors (26.7%), > thiazolidinediones (22.2%), > sulfonylurea (20.1%), > meglitinides (20.0%), > dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (20.0%) and > insulin (12.1%).