They were suggested to participate in the following cancer-related pathways: PI3K-AKT pathway (e.g. phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 1 (PIK3R1)), TGF-beta pathway (e.g. MITF), evading apoptosis (e.g. microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 (MGST1)) and resistance to chemotherapy (e.g. MITF) (Figure 3). This evidence concerns the gene PIK3R1 and cancer.