Accordingly, over the past few years cancer immunotherapies based on therapeutic antibodies that block either the PD-1 receptor expressed on effector cells of the immune system or PD-L1 on tumor cells or in the tumor microenvironment, have revolutionized the approach to cancer treatment (Hoos, 2016) and provided a positive therapeutic outcome in a significant subset of patients (Chae et al., 2018; Herbst et al., 2014; Larkin et al., 2019). This evidence concerns the gene CD274 and cancer.