Sal inhibits TGF-β1-induced EMT in NSCLC cells via attenuation of the MMP-2 and MMP-9 signaling pathway. Sal's suppressive effect on tumor cell migration and invasion points to the prior MMP expression regulation because these proteins play an essential role in local proteolysis of EMT and cell migration 21, 22. This evidence concerns the gene MMP9 and non-small cell lung carcinoma.