VCAM1 and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Interestingly, while serum levels of VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 are higher in ALS than in IPN as previously reported (See Supplementary Fig. S1 on line), levels of VCAM-1, ICAM-1 and MCP-1 are significantly lower in the CSF of ALS compared to IPN (Table 2 and Fig. 3).