CST3 and chronic kidney disease: Importantly, mice in the Ade + IMC group showed significantly reduced circulating levels of all renal injury markers compared to the Ade group: 41% decrease in creatinine (p < 0.0001), 41% decrease in urea (p < 0.0001), 37% decrease in cystatin C (p < 0.0001), and 64% decrease in FGF23 (p < 0.0001) (Fig. 1b,c,e,f), demonstrating that IMC attenuated CKD induced by adenine feeding.