CTCF and breast carcinoma: As CTCF and EGR1 have the ability to elevate Nm23-H1 levels, we hypothesized that CTCF and EGR1 may alter the aggressive phenotype of breast cancer cells through transcriptional control of NME1. To test this hypothesis, the migratory ability of transiently transfected MDA-MB-231 cells was examined by wound healing and transwell migration assays.