MTOR and cancer: A novel and potent imidazo[4,5-c] quinolone derivative (NVP-BEZ235), which has entered phase I/II clinical trials in patients with advanced solid tumors, has a potential role in cisplatin-sensitive cancers by dual targeting of the PI3-K (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) and mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) kinases for NPC treatment.321 The potential ability of NPC stem cells to evade the apoptotic pathways can make them resistant to chemotherapy due to their potential ability to evade cell death.