As mentioned previously, HPV+ve tumors exhibit increased glycolysis and OXPHOS.55 Use of mTOR (regulator of OXPHOS) inhibitor rapamycin along with anti-PD-L1 mAb showed improved survival by increasing IFN-γ production in tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells.218 In addition to these studies, several other clinical trials using combinations of ICI and CRT are underway and included in Table 2. This evidence concerns the gene CD8A and neoplasm.