It demonstrated that some subgroups crossed the reference line, including older age group (Age ≧ 40 years), male group, lower eGFR group (eGFR < 97.8 mL/min/1.73m2), hypercholesterolemia group (cholesterol ≧ 405 mg/dL), hypoalbuminemia group (serum albumin < 2.5 g/dL), proteinuria groups (both UPCR < 3.5 g/g and UPCR ≧ 3.5 g/g), and no microscopic hematuria group (urine RBC < 3 /HPF). Here, ALB is linked to familial hypercholesterolemia.