VEGFA and neoplasm: Increased ROS levels in stromal fibroblasts by transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGFß1) initiated the mesenchymal–mesenchymal transition (MMT) and secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), and interleukin-6 which are biomarkers for invasive tumor cells [29].