TFF3 and breast carcinoma: Recently, a panel of trefoil factor (TFF) 1, TFF2, and TFF3 has been reported as a potential biomarker for breast cancer screening because of its impressive ability to differentiate between breast cancer patients and healthy individuals; serum TFF1 and TFF3 levels were demonstrated to be significantly higher and the serum TFF2 level was significantly lower in breast cancer patients than in healthy individuals [81].