APP and Decreased total leukocyte count: Anorexia, hyperthermia, dyspnea, dyscardia, leukopenia and leukocytosis, stress response (elevation of blood cortisol), synthesis of acute phase proteins (APP) like haptoglobin, ruminal hypomotility and atonia are cardinal symptoms of an APR in the bovine (e.g., Jacobsen et al. [18], Burdick et al. [19]) which were also observed in the present experiment, particularly during the first hours after LPS injection.