EPCAM and liver cancer: In addition, transient knockdown of JMJD2D by siRNA reduced the mRNA and protein levels of EpCAM, Sox9, c-Myc, and Hes1 (Fig. S9, A and B), as well as the proliferation and tumorsphere formation of Hepa1-6 cells (Fig. S9, C and D), supporting the notion that inhibition of JMJD2D is an effective way to inhibit the self-renewal of LCSCs for liver cancer therapy.