Results from multiple regression models showed that the rates of BCVA, CMT and IOP were significantly modified by sex, DM duration, insulin use, HbA1C levels, hypertension (HTN); this combinations yielded R2 100% (Coefficients 0.0226399, -0.2665421, 0.0804644; P = 0.0083) S2A–S2C Fig. Here, INS is linked to hypertensive disorder.