TLR7 and type 1 diabetes mellitus: Autoantibodies against islet autoantigen(s) have been used as biomarkers for the prediction and diagnosis of T1D, especially in humans.24 As Tlr7 deficiency has strong impacts on B-cell development and functional responses, we hypothesized that the ability of Tlr7-deficient B cells to produce (auto)antibodies may also be altered.