In particular, cell cycle genes such as CSNK2A1, MCM8, CDK19, KIFC1 and MCM7 (Fig. 5d), among which KIFC1 was previously found to be a factor for poor prognostic and a therapeutic target associated with tumour proliferation in HCC34,35, even though its immunodulatory function has never been described before. Here, CSNK2A1 is linked to neoplasm.