BRAF and non-small cell lung carcinoma: Prominent examples include epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) kinase inhibitors (Afatinib, Gefitinib, and Osimertinib) for treating EGFR-mutated non-small cell carcinoma (NSCLC), the abelson murine leukemia viral oncogene homolog (ABL) kinase inhibitor imatinib against chronic myelogenous leukemias harboring the BCR-ABL fusion oncogene, and BRAF inhibitors (dabrafenib and vemurafenib) for the treatment of melanoma with V600E or V600K BRAF mutations1,3,4.