Several biomarkers – such as kallikrein-1, uromodulin, urocortin-3 and orosomucoid-1 – have been proposed as diagnostic markers for pediatric OSA in children, although their sensitivity and specificity have yet to be fully understood (De Luca Canto et al., 2015). The gene discussed is KLK1; the disease is obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.