KLK3 and prostate carcinoma: Prostate cancer is a common malignancy and a common cause of cancer-related death in men across many healthcare systems globally.1–5 The role of screening for prostate cancer using prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing in asymptomatic men has been evaluated in several randomised controlled trials (RCTs),6–10 but results are difficult to assimilate into a cohesive narrative regarding the risks and benefits of such screening.