In view of the multiple biologic activities by which IFN-I can inhibit tumor growth, including induction of T cell immunity, it is not surprising that the clinical use of these cytokines (especially IFN-α) met a major success in patients with solid tumors expressing tumor associated antigens like melanoma and renal cancer, where the importance of an antitumor T cell response is currently envisaged. This evidence concerns the gene IFNA1 and neoplasm.