NLRP3 and age-related macular degeneration: In AMD, many factors, such as ROS production, lysosomal destabilization, purinergic receptor X7 (P2X7) activation, increased extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP), K+-efflux with Ca2+-influx are all able to induce NLRP3 activation [2,3,5,8,11,18,23,24,25,26].