They showed that during infection of ‘Gala’ and ‘Hanfu’ apple cultivars with Alternaria alternata and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, PR1, WRKY29, CDPK, and MPK4 genes were upregulated, either in diploid or tetraploid plants, but the expression levels of these genes were much higher in tetraploids. Here, TMEM37 is linked to infection.