The evidence by Tu et al. suggests that targeting CD73 may help to reinvigorate the host immune system, in particular cancer patient-specific CD8+ CTLs, providing the rationale for an ongoing clinical trial investigating combined anti-CD73 and anti-PD-L1/PD-1 therapy for NSCLC patients with EGFR mutation (NCT03381274). The gene discussed is NT5E; the disease is cancer.