INS and Insulin resistance: The higher expression of Na+/K+ α1 and α2 subunits observed in the men with type 2 diabetes may be explained by the high plasma insulin levels associated with the progressing insulin resistance in these individuals, as insulin has been observed to increase the expression of Na+/K+ pump subunits (Hatou et al., 2010; Schmidt et al., 1994; Sweeney & Klip, 1998).