Sodium–glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors canagliflozin, empagliflozin and dapagliflozin, reduced the risk of heart failure hospitalization among patients with type-2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease/cardiovascular risk factors, with an apparently similar treatment effect in the small subgroup (10–15%) of patients in each trial with baseline heart failure of undetermined phenotype, as illustrated in a meta-analysis of EMPA-REG OUTCOME, CANVAS and DECLARE–TIMI 58.11 This evidence concerns the gene SLC5A2 and cardiovascular disorder.