MC4R and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: A number of obesity-associated genes have been identified in adipogenesis regulation, such as melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) (Kuhnen et al., 2019), uncoupling protein-1 (UCP1) (Fedorenko et al., 2012), and pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) (Qiu et al., 2014).