Regarding participation of PRRs on Th17 development in PCM, it was demonstrated that TLR2 acts as a negative regulator of Th17 cells, thus a deficiency of TLR2 was associated with a lower fungal burden, a prevalent Th17 immunity (higher levels of IL-17, IL-6, IL-23, and TGF-b), and an increased number of neutrophils; nonetheless, a exacerbated pulmonary inflammation was also observed, which was associated with a diminished expansion of regulatory T cells (Loures et al., 2009). The gene discussed is TLR2; the disease is paracoccidioidomycosis.