Nevertheless, both autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are associated with increases in adaptive immune (T) cell cytokines, specifically Th2-like cytokines (IL-4, IL-6, and/or IL-10), or decreases in Th2-like cytokines (IL-2 and/or IFNγ) (3, 4). The gene discussed is IL4; the disease is attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder.