Elevated levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) were observed in women with atypical MDD, while higher levels of leptin were observed in women with melancholic MDD, suggesting differences in the pathophysiology between MDD subtypes may also account for observed differences in bone health (Cizza et al., 2010; Woelfer et al., 2019). The gene discussed is LEP; the disease is major depressive disorder.