Changes in VEGF expression and increased levels of VEGF have been described in EAE and in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients (Proescholdt et al., 2002; Su et al., 2006; Shimizu et al., 2012) and may eventually be responsible for the increase in EC proliferation and vessel density as well as for the leaky barrier (Argaw et al., 2009; Luissint et al., 2012). The gene discussed is VEGFA; the disease is multiple sclerosis.