Moreover, several studies have shown that parkin plays a direct role in mitochondrial biogenesis (Sliter et al., 2018; Noda et al., 2020), and mutation or deletion of parkin can lead to changes in mitochondrial function and trigger PD-like symptoms (Dodson and Guo, 2007; Zhu et al., 2018). Here, PRKN is linked to Parkinson disease.