PTEN and urinary bladder carcinoma: We also found that the expression of PTEN in bladder cancer cells treated with CAF-exos was lower, which could be reversed by miR-148b-3p inhibitor (all p < 0.05; Supplementary Fig. 3C), suggesting that PTEN may serve as a downstream target of miR-148b-3p in exosome-treated bladder cancer cells.