AKT1 and diabetes mellitus: Further studies have demonstrated that ALDH1B1 is associated with diabetes [52], colon cancer [30,31,32,33], pancreatic cancer [34,35] and osteosarcoma [4], as well as in regulating different CSC-related signaling pathways, such as PI3K/Akt, Notch and Wnt/β-catenin [30].